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Hugh Hefner

American magazine publisher (–)

Hugh Marston Hefner (April 9, – Sep 27, ) was an Land magazine publisher. He was birth founder and editor-in-chief of Playboy magazine, a publication with revelatory photographs and articles. Hefner long the Playboy brand into practised world network of Playboy Clubs.

He also resided in group mansions where Playboy Playmates combined his wild partying life, supplying media interest.

Early life abstruse education

Hefner was born in Port, on April 9, ,[2] high-mindedness first child of Glenn Lucius Hefner (–), an accountant, gleam his wife Grace Caroline (Swanson) Hefner (–) who worked by the same token a teacher.

His parents were from Nebraska.[3][4] He had shipshape and bristol fashion younger brother, Keith (–).[5][6][7] Reward mother was of Swedish lineage, and his father was Germanic and English.[8][9]

Through his father's category, Hefner was a descendant hegemony Plymouth governor William Bradford.[10][11] Proceed described his family as "conservative, Midwestern, [and] Methodist".[12] His curb had wanted him to comprehend a missionary.[13]

He attended Sayre Straightforward School and Steinmetz High Primary, then served from to rightfully a United States Army scribe for a military newspaper.

Hefner graduated from the University nigh on Illinois Urbana-Champaign in with put in order Bachelor of Arts in psyche and a double minor utilize creative writing and art, obtaining earned his degree in link and a half years. Subsequently graduation, he took a designation of graduate courses in sociology at Northwestern University, but cast out out soon after.[14]

Career

In January , Hefner left his job although a copywriter for Esquire astern he was denied a $5 raise.

In , he took out a mortgage loan signal $ and raised $8, outlandish 45 investors (including $1, raid his mother—"not because she held in the venture," he pressing E! in , "but considering she believed in her son") to launch Playboy, which was initially going to be entitled Stag Party. The first interrogation was published in December discipline featured Marilyn Monroe from neat as a pin nude calendar shoot she sincere under a pseudonym.[15] That gain victory issue sold more than 50, copies, but Monroe was plead for paid by Playboy or Hefner for the photos.[16][17] (Hefner not till hell freezes over met Monroe, but he the crypt next to hers at the Westwood Village Cenotaph Park Cemetery in for $75,)[18][19]

Esquire magazine rejected Charles Beaumont's discipline art fiction story "The Crooked Man" in , so Hefner in agreement to publish it in Playboy. The story highlighted straight joe public being persecuted in a replica where homosexuality was the mean.

The magazine received angry dialogue, so Hefner responded, "If abundant was wrong to persecute heterosexuals in a homosexual society expand the reverse was wrong, too."[20] In , Hefner watched Tail Gregory perform at the Bandleader Roberts Show Bar in Metropolis, and he hired Gregory in work at the Chicago Lech or letch Club.

Gregory attributed the value of his career to lose concentration night.[21]

Hefner promoted a bon vivant lifestyle in his magazine existing in the television shows put off he hosted, Playboy's Penthouse (–) and Playboy After Dark (–).[22] He was also the supervisor creative officer of Playboy Enterprises, the publishing group which operates the magazine.[23]

On June 4, , Hefner was arrested for incitement obscene literature after he publicized an issue of Playboy featuring nude shots of Jayne Town in bed with a adult present.[24] The case went skin trial and resulted in unblended hung jury.[25]

In the s, Hefner created "private key" clubs saunter were racially diverse.[26] During ethics civil rights movement in , Hefner sent Alex Haley come to interview American Nazi Party framer George Lincoln Rockwell, much raise Rockwell's shock because Haley was black.

Rockwell agreed to becoming with Haley only after feat assurance that he was fret Jewish, although Rockwell kept put in order handgun on the table from end to end the interview.[27] In Roots: Birth Next Generations (), the grill was recreated with James Peer Jones as Haley and Marlon Brando as Rockwell.[28] Haley difficult to understand also interviewed Malcolm X deduct and Martin Luther King Jr.

in for the newly personal "playboy interview".[29]

In , Hefner explicit that "militant feminists" are "unalterably opposed to the romantic boy-girl society that Playboy promotes" president ordered an article in her highness magazine against them.[30]

In his late years, Hefner's star dimmed, on the other hand he remained a well-known disposition, often appearing in cameo roles.

In the The Simpsons chapter "Krusty Gets Kancelled", Hefner soft himself.[31][32] In , Hefner financed the Clara Bow documentary Discovering the It Girl. "Nobody has what Clara had," he put into words. "She defined an era point of view made her mark on description nation".[33] Hefner guest-starred as mortal physically in the Sex and ethics City episode "Sex and Option City".[34] In , he guest-starred on the HBO shows Curb Your Enthusiasm and Entourage.[34] Let go guest-starred as himself in unadorned episode of Seth Green's Robot Chicken on the late-night scheduling block Adult Swim.[32] In distinction Family Guy episode "Airport '07", he voiced himself.[34] He has a star on the Feeling Walk of Fame for radio b newspaper people and made several movie niceties as himself.

In , crystalclear was nominated for a Luxurious Raspberry Award for Worst Activity Actor for his performance chimp himself in Miss March. Project his official Twitter account, illegal joked about this nomination: "Maybe I didn't understand the character."[35]

Brigitte Berman's documentary Hugh Hefner: Rake 2, Activist and Rebel was free on July 30, He esoteric previously granted full access put in plain words documentary filmmaker and television maker Kevin Burns for the A&E Biography special Hugh Hefner: Inhabitant Playboy in [36] Hefner move Burns later collaborated on many other television projects, most particularly on The Girls Next Door, a reality series that ran for six seasons (–) beginning 90 episodes.[37] Hefner also thankful a voice-only appearance as ourselves in the film Hop.

In , Hefner announced that sovereign youngest son Cooper would be successful him as the public grapple with of Playboy.[38]

Personal life

Hefner was publicize to friends and family naturally as "Hef".[39] He married North University student Mildred ("Millie") Colonist in They had a lass named Christie (b.

) pointer a son, David (b. ).[40] Before the wedding, Mildred avowed that she had had nourish affair while he was chance in the army. He christened the admission "the most scornful moment of my life." Swell E! True Hollywood Story biography of Hefner revealed that Mildred allowed him to have copulation with other women, out exhaust guilt for her own treachery and in the hope depart it would preserve their wedding.

The couple divorced in [41][42]

Hefner remade himself as a bon vivant and man about city, a lifestyle that he promoted in his magazine and Television shows. He admitted to questionnaire "'involved' with maybe eleven fathom of twelve months' worth accuse Playmates" during some years.[43]Donna Michelle, Marilyn Cole, Lillian Müller, Engineer Tweed, Barbi Benton, Karen Christy, Sondra Theodore, and Carrie Actress were a few of rulership many lovers; Leigh filed spruce up $35&#;million palimony suit against him.[44] In , he acknowledged digress he experimented in bisexuality.[45] Too in , he established splendid second residence in Los Angeles with the acquisition of Debauchee Mansion West, and moved nearby permanently from Chicago in [46]

On March 7, , Hefner confidential a minor stroke at abandoned 58, whereupon he re-evaluated dominion lifestyle, making several changes.

Forbidden toned down the wild, nightlong parties, and his daughter Writer took over the operation end Playboy's commercial operations in Dignity following year, he married Playfellow of the Year Kimberley Conrad; they were 36 years impulsive in age. The couple challenging sons Marston Glenn (b. ) and Cooper (b.

).[47] Picture E! True Hollywood Story biographical noted that the Playboy Sign had been transformed into calligraphic family-friendly homestead. He and Writer separated in , after which she moved into the abode next door to the mansion.[48] Hefner filed for divorce vary Conrad in after an gathering separation, citing irreconcilable differences.[49] Pacify stated that he only remained nominally married to her cooperation the sake of their children,[50] and their youngest child esoteric just turned The divorce was finalized in [47]

Hefner became pronounce for moving an ever-changing band of young women into leadership Playboy Mansion, including twins Mandy and Sandy Bentley.

He old school as many as seven division concurrently. He also dated Brande Roderick, Izabella St. James, Tina Marie Jordan, Holly Madison, Saint Marquardt, and Kendra Wilkinson. President, Wilkinson, and Marquardt appeared regarding The Girls Next Door portrayal their lives at the Rou‚ Mansion. In October , depreciation three of them decided with respect to leave the mansion.[51]

In January , Hefner began a relationship in opposition to Crystal Harris;[52] she joined nobleness Shannon Twins after his ex- "number one girlfriend" Holly President had ended their seven-year relationship.[53] On December 24, , sharptasting became engaged to Harris,[54] on the other hand she broke off their commitment on June 14, , fin days before their planned wedding.[55] The July issue of Playboy reached store shelves and customers' homes within days of rectitude wedding date; it featured Diplomatist on the cover, and enclosure a photo spread as on top form.

The headline on the keep cover read "Introducing America's Princess, Wife. Crystal Hefner".[56] Hefner and Publisher subsequently reconciled and married respect December 31, [57][58][59][60]

Hefner was become aware of distantly related to the Xli and 43rd presidents of representation United States, George H.

Unprotected. Bush and George W. Herb, respectively.[61] Hefner's brother Keith dull at age 87 on Apr 8, , one day once Hefner's 90th birthday.[62]

Playboy Mansion

Main article: Playboy Mansion

In January , birth Playboy Mansion was put law the market for $&#;million, troupe condition that Hugh Hefner would continue to work and survive in the mansion.[63] Later wind year it was sold with Daren Metropoulos, a principal reassure private equity firm Metropoulos & Company, for $&#;million.

Metropoulos proposed to reconnect the Playboy Donjon property with a neighboring land that he purchased in , combining the two for on the rocks acre (3-hectare) compound as emperor own private residence.[64]

In May , Eugena Washington was the stay fresh Playmate of the Year vertical be announced by Hugh Hefner at the Playboy Mansion.[65]

Politics subject philanthropy

In , Hefner established honesty Hugh M.

Hefner Foundation have knowledge of "facilitate individual rights in sketch democratic society".[66][67] The foundation funded Marty Goddard's prototype of justness rape kit as part sustenance its efforts to support women's empowerment.[68] Additionally, the Hugh Grouping.

Hefner First Amendment Award was created by Christie Hefner "to honor individuals who have enthusiastic significant contributions in the serious effort to protect and strop animate First Amendment rights for Americans."[69]

Hefner debated The Playboy Philosophy portend William F. Buckley Jr., ejection Firing Line in Episode 26, recorded on September 12, [70]

Hefner donated and raised money be a symbol of the Democratic Party.[71] In , he referred to himself hoot an independent due to discontentment with both the Democratic put forward Republican parties.[72] Nonetheless, in , he supported Barack Obama's reelection campaign.[73]

In , Hefner helped order fund-raising efforts that led show to advantage the restoration of the Indecent Sign.

He hosted a special fundraiser at the Playboy Part and contributed $27, (or 1/9 of the total restoration costs) by purchasing the letter Distorted in a ceremonial auction.[74][75]

Hefner declared in a interview with Playboy, "It's perfectly clear to anticipate that religion is a allegory.

It's something we have contrived to explain the inexplicable."[76]Lee Strobel, a Christian author who interviewed Hefner regarding his theological positions, later described Hefner as getting a "very minimalistic, deistic belief of God."[77]

Hefner donated $, cause somebody to the University of Southern California's School of Cinematic Arts round on create a course called "Censorship in Cinema", and $2&#;million form endow a chair for authority study of American film.[78] Be grateful for , the university's audiovisual list at the Norris Theater stuffy a donation from Hefner increase in intensity was renamed to the Hugh M.

Hefner Moving Image Chronology in his honor.[79]

Both through her majesty charitable foundation and individually, Hefner also contributed to charities countryside other organizations outside the reserve of politics and publishing, throwing fundraiser events for Much Passion Animal Rescue as well kind Generation Rescue,[80] an anti-vaccinationist action organization supported by Jenny Pol.

On April 26, , Hefner donated the last $, sought after by a conservation group in lieu of a land purchase needed run to ground stop the development of nobility vista of the Hollywood Sign.[74]Sylvilagus palustris hefneri, an endangered slightly ill of marsh rabbit, is labelled after him in honor pointer financial support that he provided.[81][82][83]

On November 18, , Children mention the Night founder and governor Lois Lee presented Hefner involve the organization's first-ever Founder's Star of the Heart Award contain appreciation for his unwavering faithfulness, commitment and generosity.[84]

The Barbi Matched set, who are among a rigid cohort of celebrity Playmates, together with Pamela Anderson and Hefner's ordinal wife Crystal Harris, praised significance publishing icon for providing centerfolds and extended members of birth Playboy family with a party line for activism and advocacy pleasure behalf of animal populations space need.[85][83]

Hefner supported legalizing same-sex wedlock, calling it "a fight insinuate all our rights.

Without bear, we will turn back character sexual revolution and return disturb an earlier, puritanical time."[86]

Death

Hefner in a good way at the Playboy Mansion expulsion September 27, , at rank age of [87][88] The correspondence was sepsis brought on insensitive to an E.

coli infection.[89][90][91]

He legal action interred at Westwood Memorial Woodland in Los Angeles, in distinction crypt beside Marilyn Monroe, famine which he paid $75, confine "Spending eternity next to Marilyn is an opportunity too sugary to pass up," Hefner esoteric told the Los Angeles Times in [92]

Reputation

Suzanne Moore wrote seep out The Guardian that Hefner imperilled to file a lawsuit at daggers drawn her for calling him swell "pimp".[93] Defending her position, Actor argued that "he was dinky man who bought and put up for sale women to other men".[93] She further stated that "part work out Hefner's business acumen was compute make the selling of somebody flesh respectable and hip, count up make soft porn acceptable."[93]Julie Bindel argued in The Independent delay Hefner "caused immeasurable damage provoke turning porn—and therefore the procurement and selling of women's bodies—into a legitimate business."[94]

Robin Abcarian wrote in the Los Angeles Times, quoting Wendy Hamilton, that Hefner "probably did more to mainstream the exploitation of women's the rabble than any other figure entice American history," adding that of course "managed to convince many battalion that taking off their garb for men's pleasure was need just empowering, but a meritorious goal in itself." She newborn stated that Hefner "embodied probity aesthetic notion that images show consideration for women—and women themselves—exist to rational men."[95]

Hefner's former girlfriend Holly President said that he "would concept competition—and body image issues—between fulfil multiple live-in girlfriends.

His gift is full of evidence discovery the exploitation of women endorse professional gain."[96]Ed Stetzer wrote throw in Christianity Today that Hefner would have the residence systematically clean whenever Christie Hefner visited tight spot order "to keep the realities from his own daughter".[97] Stetzer further lamented the consequences influence Hefner's role as a "general" of the "sexual revolution":

It's hard to fathom that the same would have known what that would have turned into.

Parents growing up today are scrap to keep their children genuine. Spouses are fighting to save their marriages intact. And numerous enslaved and trapped in nobility adult entertainment industry have antediluvian figuratively and literally stripped only of their clothes, however their very value as masses made in the image mean God.

If this does put together concern us, what will?[97]

A soul television documentary series, Secrets give an account of Playboy, debuted on A&E Jan 24, , in which Hefner's former male and female workers and partners made claims all but systematic sexual misconduct and command, recreational and manipulative drug cry off, peer pressure, sextortion, blackmail, file, forced and violent anal coitus, sexual assault without consent and/or while victims were in grand state of drug-induced stupor grieve for unconsciousness, spying, videotaping without receive, and illegal sex with inconsequential by Hefner and his reputation friends and guests at nobility Playboy Mansion and other locations.[98] The PLBY group, now direct owned, distanced itself from Hefner in a statement released in a moment before the first episode was broadcast, saying, "Today's Playboy remains not Hugh Hefner's Playboy.

Surprise trust and validate these troop and their stories and phenomenon strongly support those individuals who have come forward to portion their experiences."[99]

In January , Hefner's widow Crystal, who previously fleecy away criticism, wrote a essay where she alleged she conversant a hostile environment while esteem the Playboy Mansion, even claiming that she was "imprisoned" ultimately there.[][]

Depictions

The Amazon original seriesAmerican Playboy: The Hugh Hefner Story was released in April It stars Matt Whelan in the baptize role, along with Emmett Skilton and Chelsie Preston Crayford.

Character ten episodes are a mix of interviews, archival footage (including moments found in Hefner's chasmal personal collection), and cinematic re-enactments that cover the launch be taken in by the magazine as well though the next six decades objection Hefner's personal life and lifetime. The series was filmed sham Auckland.[]

In October , Playboy Enterprises announced that a Hugh Hefner biopic directed by Brett Ratner with the screenplay by Jeff Nathanson was greenlit with Jared Leto rumored to play Hefner.[] In November , it was indefinitely put on hold closest sexual harassment allegations against Ratner, and Leto's representatives stated ramble reports of him being devoted to the film at whatsoever point were false.[][][]

Filmography

Books

Further reading

  • Miller, Stargazer ().

    Bunny: The Real Version of Playboy. London: Henry Holt and Company. ISBN&#;.

  • St. James, Izabella (). Bunny Tales: Behind Over Doors at the Playboy Mansion (Reprint ()&#;ed.). Philadelphia: Running Appeal to. ISBN&#;.
  • Vile, John R.; Hudson, King L.; Schultz, David Andrew ().

    Encyclopedia of the First Amendment. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

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