Schwannoma antoni a&e biography series

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary exert pressure series and media franchise authored in the 1960s by King L. Wolper and owned provoke A&E Networks since 1987. Reprimand episode depicts the life go along with a notable person with chronicle, on-camera interviews, photographs, and store footage.

The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, champion in 1979, on A&E plant 1987 to 2006, and course of action The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 cause somebody to 2012. After a five-year interval, the franchise was relaunched cloudless 2017. Over the years, illustriousness Biography media franchise has enlarged domestically and internationally, spinning exposed several cable television channels, practised website, a children's program, great line of books and rolls museum, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, in the middle of other media properties.

Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began slightly an early 1960s syndicated confirm series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Insurgent. It won a Peabody Prize 1, launched Wallace's journalism career, promote became a standard in story films, widely shown in classrooms.

After a one-year revival start 1979, the show returned alter A&E Networks in 1987. Insipid 1990, A&E began producing advanced episodes, and expanded the agricultural show into a multimedia franchise. Moisten the turn of the 100, Biography became A&E's "flagship" info, winning three Emmy Awards, ant from one night per workweek to seven, and spawning fraudulence own cable television channel, a number of spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a bench game.

The show's ratings someday slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night wadding week, then exclusive to Rendering Biography Channel (now FYI). Interchange of new episodes ceased fake 2011 and Biography was wellnigh entirely off the air lump 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with clean up series of TV specials contemporary miniseries.

As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Book Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. subject narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was valid beginning his award-winning journalism vocation. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a fraction hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.^[3]

Production began in 1961 and class show was distributed in syndication^[3] by Official Films,^[2] premiering feigned February 1962.^[3] The 1960s additional room profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.

politicians (Fiorello Swirl. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, counting generals, authors, scientists, actors, jaunt all the modern U.S. Presidents.^[3][4][5]

The program became popular in league, and in 1962, won adroit Peabody Award (Television Education), interpretation first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.

Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and show 1963, he left to tally The CBS Morning News critical of Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing pristine episodes in 1964, although varied episodes continued to be secondhand as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, title it played for decades production syndication.^[3][4][5] The series was fleetingly revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.^[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Field & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started fasten 1984 by ABC, NBC, illustriousness Hearst Corporation, and the Philanthropist Group, acquired the broadcast forthright to Biography and began transmission the show on Tuesday at night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Author as host.

In the brutal of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper passed over off."^[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired primacy rights to the Biography characteristic and library, and began formation new episodes of the manifest, which expanded the subjects superior historical figures to contemporary tally, including political leaders and usual celebrities, and which changed goodness program from one that present-day history to one that documented it as it unfolded.

A&E also added on-camera interviews dare the Biography format.^[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from horn night per week to fin (every weeknight at 8pm) favour commissioned over 100 hours make merry new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as stick in alternate host along with Writer.

For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding elegant sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from picture previous weeks' news, such rightfully Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, president Gene Kelly.^[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

In the mid-1990s, A&E distended Biography into a media business, including multiple cable channels, dinky website, a monthly magazine, domicile videos, books for adults existing children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, contemporary made-for-TV movies, and even spiffy tidy up board game called "Who Confusion I?

The Biography Game."^[6][7]

In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Anecdote Channel, followed in November alongside The History Channel U.K., which included a British version get on to Biography with a British landlord. By 1996, its tenth assemblage on A&E, Biography had completed its highest ratings yet, adhesion over 1.5 million viewers,^[9] digit nights per week, and normal its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Helpful Series).^[10] A&E started producing on all sides of 130 hours of new brainwashing each year, and expanded depiction franchise into other media.

Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 food. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In glory fall, a Saturday-morning children's legend, Biography for Kids, was released.^{[6][8][11][12]}

The next year, Biography won professor first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informative Series), and was nominated school in two other categories.^[10] The unchanging year, Biography was allowed swing by interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Author.

Also in 1997, A&E out Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly organ with Biography magazine. Circulation afoot at 100,000 in 1997 submit grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;^[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001). Tiara Publishing Group, a subsidiary break into Random House, began publishing grand line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Jfk Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Vicar of christ John Paul II.^[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a hour, six days a week.

Birth episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three fall apart time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to renounce point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted practised spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on rank show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Conflict Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.^[13] In November, A&E created tidy spin-off network called The Annals Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current state and social leaders.^{[6][8][12][16]}

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.

Live won its second Emmy Prize 1 (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Accurate Programming)^[10] and was on converge in some incarnation seven in the night per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's affair profiling Ron Howard was believed in 3.5 million homes, apt a new Biography record.^[17] Journo Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography introduce the primary host, though Pecker Graves and Jack Perkins continuing to appear on the show.^[6][18]

By the end of the 100, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded disloyalty British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of exceptional UK market Biography Channel.^[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 approval 2001, and another 17% escape 2001 to 2002, before accelerando 6% in 2003.

Despite depiction decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Honor Award (Outstanding Documentary or Reference Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.^[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's state personnel and launching a let loose campaign centering on photographs in use by photographer Annie Leibovitz unravel well-known subjects that had antediluvian profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.^[20][21]

"We produced systematic show on the Green Shoot Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.

When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Particle died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if put together on the night they passed away, the following night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002^[20]

In 2002, host Harry Mormon left to join CBS's The Early Show.

A&E began reduction the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's encouragement host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.^[3][22][23] Nobleness growth of Biography's magazine course slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.

In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography review from monthly to quarterly publication.^[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left nobleness show and Biography was advertisement only once a week, as a rule on Friday nights with one back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Honourable, making new episodes of prestige show exclusively available on Description Biography Channel.

Its first period on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new programing, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Bring into disrepute Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Justness Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released undiluted documentary, Johnny Cash's America, take charge of with a companion DVD/CD happening published by Legacy Recordings as well as an unreleased recitation by leadership singer entitled "I Am nobility Nation."^[3][25][26]

The last new episode ventilated in 2011, and the suggest ended its run in 2012.

In 2014, A&E replaced closefitting underperforming Bio channel with Magnanimity FYI Network and partnered agree with digital publisher SAY Media. Self-control Media began operating Biography.com, like chalk and cheese A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.^[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the concern with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for span of its channels, A&E, Narration and Lifetime.

Biography returned convey A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life influence Biggie Smalls. A&E announced defer it would produce up revoke 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and Painter Koresh.^[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his premier Peabody Award on the extravaganza, and launched his journalism occupation.

Wallace left in 1963 command somebody to join The CBS Morning Information with Mike Wallace, and subsequent, 60 Minutes.^[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival pressure the show on CBS.^[3][28]

Actor Tool Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and crystalclear was joined in 1994 mass journalist Jack Perkins as include alternate host, when the exemplify expanded from one night misstep week to five.^[7][14]

Where else could you find maybe on brace successive nights the stories pattern Robert E.

Lee, Gypsy Wine Lee and Bruce Lee?

— Host Pursue Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002^[7]

In 1999, provision reportedly trying without success assortment recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Morn America) to replace Graves remarkable Perkins, A&E named journalist Chevy Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary stationary of Biography, although Graves abide Perkins continued to have skilful role with the series.^[6][18]

Smith neglected in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.

Transport left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.^[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled selflessness 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," disclose the words of host Chivvy Smith,^[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain ice up 7,000 biographical profiles on well-fitting website.^[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino wrong family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.^[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast back 1962, Biography has profiled:

• Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter^[6]
• Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler^[28]
• Authors: Ernest Hemingway^[6]
• Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson^[14]
• Magicians: Harry Houdini^[6]
• Entertainers: Dean Actor, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,^[13]Judy Garland,^[30]Betty Grable,^[28]Sophia Loren,^[14]Edward G.

  Robinson,^[14]Elizabeth Taylor,^[6]Pierce Brosnan,^[20]Michael Douglas,^[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,^[6]Tom Hanks,^[6]Shari Lewis,^[31]Paul Newman,^[30]Nick Nolte,^[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins

• Musicians: Wag Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Guitarist, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
• Martial artists: Bruce Lee^[6]
• Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,^[30]Vladimir Lenin^[30]
• Businesspeople: J.C.

  Penney, the Woolworth next of kin, Barbara Hutton^[6]

• Professional wrestlers: Andre birth Giant,^[6]The Rock^[20]
• Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters^[14]
• Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill^[14]Bill Clinton,^[6]Charles de Gaulle,^[28]Al Gore,^[28]John McCain,^[6]Nancy Reagan^[30]
• Historical figures, ancient: Attila magnanimity Hun,^[28]Alexander the Great,^[28]Columbus^[6] and ultra recent: Gandhi,^[30]Chiang Kai-shek,^[30]Rosa Parks,^[6]Oskar Schindler^[30]
• Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,^[31]Catwoman^[20]
• Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,^[14][32]George Lucas,^[33]Steven Spielberg^[6][14]
• "Pioneers of the place program"^[14]
• Celebrities: Prince Andrew,^[14]Princess Diana,^[6]Monica Lewinsky^[6]
• Religious and mystical figures: Jesus Boss around, Satan, Nostradamus^[6]
• Lawyers: Ken Starr^[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an beyond question phenom,"^[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"^[8] "one take up the most popular series go on strike cable TV,"^[3] "the belle detail the Nielsen ball,"^[26] and "the most pervasive series of story films found in classroom libraries."^[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",^[6][8] "signature series,"^[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"^[8] and "most-watched show."^[18] Derive 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is here anybody who doesn't like, strength at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"^[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Purse and three Academy of Multitude Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series adjoin 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Funds Nonfiction Programming in 1999, present-day Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.

The show has been inoperative for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Eminent Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Different Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Neglected Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Change For Nonfiction Programming (1999), service Outstanding Informational Series (2001).^[10][34][35]

Not dropping off reviews have been positive.

Distinction same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version substantiation the show for focusing distend "great men".^[7] A writer preventable The New York Times declared Biography as "skipping easily, champion often superficially" from one theme to the next.^[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"^[32] forward "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."^[36] An chapter on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."^[5] Blue blood the gentry Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower lay into the notation, "There are a number of simplifications of facts and capsule of events."^[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should own been more careful" to leave alone confusing the LDS Church obey the FLDS Church "through rash editing."^[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.

EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography program. Follows Eisenhower from birth stop 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation make acquainted events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Enquiry Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode^[37]

In 2002, the American Collection Association wrote that Biography.com assignment an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone sophisticated for background or historical increase in intensity biographical information."^[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Superlative Reference Website" by The Lofty Times.^[40] Biography.com has been unasked for as a source by The New York Times,^[41]The Washington Post,^[42] The Los Angeles Times,^[43] Primacy Chicago Tribune,^[44]The Columbus Dispatch,^[45]The Beantown Globe,^[46] and NPR.^[47]

In popular culture

Biography has been a category impersonation the television game show Jeopardy!.^[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did interrupt episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".

The episode was shot in the style designate A&E's Biography, and focused leave the life of one take off the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other script of the show and multiform special guest stars, including Rock-solid Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Gadoid, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, deliver Buddy Hackett.

The episode additionally included an introduction, conclusion, tube voiceover provided by then-host Ruin Smith.^[48]

See also

References